![]() It is also generally assumed that, as a member of the lowest rank of society – albeit a citizen – he would have enlisted in the ranks of the legions. It is commonly accepted that Aurelian probably joined the army in 235 at around age twenty. However, it seems that this extrapolation of unverifiable facts is now generally accepted as being no more than just that. These two propositions, together with the tradition that the clan Aurelius had been entrusted with the maintenance of that deity's cult in Rome, inspired the notion that this could explain the devotion to the sun-god that Aurelian was to manifest as emperor. The Historia Augusta describes her as "priestess of Sol", whose worship Aurelian promoted as Emperor ( Sol Invictus). He married the daughter of Aurelius from whom Aurelian received his name via his mother. Aurelian's father was probably a veteran of the Roman army. Pseudo-Victor describes his father as a colonus (tenant farmer) who worked the lands of a senator named Aurelius. Aurelian was an Illyrian like several other emperors of the late 3rd century ( Illyrian Emperors) all of whom shared a common military background. When he was born this region was part of Moesia Superior. Modern research considers Dacia Ripensis as the more likely region. Pseudo-Victor and John Xiphilinus place his birthplace in an area between Dacia Ripensis and Macedonia (overlapping with Dacia Mediterranea). The Historia Augusta describes him both as a Pannonian from Sirmium and as a native of Dacia Ripensis "which he founded so that he would have been a Moesian". Aurelian was born on 9 September, a date recorded in the Chronograph of 354. The 6th-century chronicler John Malalas wrote that he died at the age of 61, hence he was born in 214. Comparative research with other sources from his era has rendered some details more secure than others. Many details about Aurelian's early life come from the Historia Augusta and are considered unreliable. His successes were instrumental in ending the crisis, earning him the title Restitutor Orbis ("Restorer of the World").īust of Aurelian formerly identified as Claudius Gothicus. He was also responsible for the construction of the Aurelian Walls in Rome, the abandonment of the province of Dacia, and monetary reform, trying to curb the devaluation of the Roman currency.Īlthough Domitian, two centuries earlier, was the first emperor who had demanded to be officially hailed as dominus et deus ("master and god"), these titles never occurred in written form on official documents until the reign of Aurelian. The following year he conquered the Gallic Empire in the west, reuniting the Empire in its entirety. Aurelian restored the Empire's eastern provinces after his conquest of the Palmyrene Empire in 273. He also defeated the Goths, Vandals, Juthungi, Sarmatians, and Carpi. Claudius' brother Quintillus ruled the empire for three months, before Aurelian became emperor.ĭuring his reign, he defeated the Alamanni after a devastating war. Following that, Claudius Gothicus became emperor until his own death in 270. He went on to lead the cavalry of the emperor Gallienus, until Gallienus' assassination in 268. Born in modest circumstances, near the Danube River, he entered the Roman army in 235 and climbed up the ranks. ![]() As emperor, he won an unprecedented series of military victories which reunited the Roman Empire after it had nearly disintegrated under the pressure of barbarian invasions and internal revolts. October 275) was a Roman emperor, who reigned during the Crisis of the Third Century, from 270 to 275. ![]() Aurelian ( Latin: Lucius Domitius Aurelianus 9 September 214 – c. ![]()
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